DATASETS & SOURCES
Data coverage
Source, spatial support, period and licence are read from the published manifest. A city is covered only when a source supports it, not because a basemap draws it.
Published regional inventory
One pane per source and gas, read from the published artefact. A source that publishes many years shows every year inside its pane, and the period is stated once. Sources are never summed.
The live service is unavailable, so the bundled publication is shown.
- NAEICO2
305.4Mt CO2 in 2023
- Period
- 2005 to 2023
- Published years
- 19
- Vintage
- NAEI 2023 edition
- GWP
- not applicable
- Method
- 1 km grid masked by the administrative boundary
Mt CO2
- Climate TRACECO2
416.9Mt CO2 in 2025
- Period
- 2021 to 2025
- Published years
- 5
- Vintage
- 5.11.0
- GWP
- not applicable
- Method
- asset-level monthly export summed to the calendar year
Mt CO2
- EDGARCO2
323.6Mt CO2 in 2024
- Period
- 1970 to 2024
- Published years
- 55
- Vintage
- EDGAR_2025_GHG
- GWP
- not applicable
- Method
- grid masked by the administrative boundary
Mt CO2
- EDGARCO2e
417.2Mt CO2e in 2024
- Period
- 1970 to 2024
- Published years
- 55
- Vintage
- EDGAR_2025_GHG
- GWP
- AR5-100
- Method
- grid masked by the administrative boundary
Mt CO2e
- Boundary
- GADM administrative units
EDGAR is reported on AR5 and Climate TRACE on AR6, so the two totals are not comparable and are not added. A land-use removal is shown as a removal, not as zero.
Source coverage
A source downloaded in date-split parts is merged into one entry per dataset, with the span it covers. Groups distinguish emissions estimates, atmospheric observations, environmental models, electricity data and conversion factors. Frequency and units are shown for each dataset.
Data coverage timeline
- Emissions5
- Atmosphere2
- Environmental models2
- Electricity2
- Factors1
- Now
Emissions inventories and estimates
Emissions reported or estimated for a defined area and period. Frequency varies by dataset. Totals from different sources are never added.
- EDGARInventory estimate · research onlyemissions · t per 0.1 degree cell1970 to 20240.1 degree · annual
- NAEIInventory estimate · commercial use clearedemissions · t carbon per 1 km cell2005 to 20231 km · annual
- Climate TRACEModelled emissions estimate · research onlyemissions · t CO2January 2021 to July 2026asset and administrative area · monthly
- PRTRReported emissions · commercial use clearedemissions · t CO22007 to 2024facility · annual
- DESNZInventory estimate · commercial use clearedemissions · kt CO2e2005 to 2024local authority · annual
Atmospheric observations
Atmospheric concentrations from instruments and satellite retrievals. Concentration alone does not establish local emissions.
- NOAAMeasured signal · commercial use clearedconcentration · ppm1969 to 2025station · event, daily, monthly
- OCO-2Satellite retrieval · commercial use clearedcolumn XCO2 · ppm2026-07-21 to 2026-07-28sounding, about 10 km swath · daily overpass
Modelled environmental products
Reanalysis and inversion products combine observations with models. These are not direct emissions measurements.
- CAMSModelled flux inversion · research onlysurface flux · kgC per m2 per month2015-01 to 2025-121 degree · monthly mean
- ERA5Weather reanalysis · commercial use clearedmeteorology · K, m/s2024 to 20250.25 degree · hourly
Electricity system data
Generation records and calculated carbon intensity. Electricity intensity is emissions per unit of energy, not an emissions total.
- NESOCalculated intensity / forecast · commercial use clearedgrid intensity · gCO2e/kWh2026region · half hourly
- ElexonMeasured signal · commercial use clearedgeneration by fuel · MW2026national · half hourly
Calculation inputs
Versioned factors used to convert activity into emissions.
- DESNZCalculated factor · commercial use clearedconversion factors · kgCO2e per unit2026activity category · annual
Full source register
| Source | Kind | Quantity | Period | Resolution | Cadence | Data status | Availability | Licence | Commercial use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NESOneso:carbon-intensity | Electricity system data | grid intensity in gCO2e/kWh | 2026 | region | half hourly | Calculated intensity / forecast | usable | NESO open data | cleared |
| Elexonelexon:fuel-mix | Electricity system data | generation by fuel in MW | 2026 | national | half hourly | Measured signal | usable | Elexon open data | cleared |
| DESNZdesnz:conversion-factors | Calculation inputs | conversion factors in kgCO2e per unit | 2026 | activity category | annual | Calculated factor | usable | OGL | cleared |
| EDGARedgar:fossil-co2 | Emissions inventories and estimates | emissions in t per 0.1 degree cell | 1970 to 2024 | 0.1 degree | annual | Inventory estimate | usable | EDGAR release terms | research only |
| NAEInaei:co2:1km | Emissions inventories and estimates | emissions in t carbon per 1 km cell | 2005 to 2023 | 1 km | annual | Inventory estimate | usable | NAEI terms | cleared |
| Climate TRACEtrace:asset-month:co2 | Emissions inventories and estimates | emissions in t CO2 | January 2021 to July 2026 | asset and administrative area | monthly | Modelled emissions estimate | usable | CC BY 4.0 with external exceptions | research only |
| PRTRprtr:air-releases:co2 | Emissions inventories and estimates | emissions in t CO2 | 2007 to 2024 | facility | annual | Reported emissions | downloaded, not usable | PRTR open data | cleared |
| DESNZdesnz:la-ghg | Emissions inventories and estimates | emissions in kt CO2e | 2005 to 2024 | local authority | annual | Inventory estimate | downloaded, not usable | OGL | cleared |
| CAMScams:surface-flux | Modelled environmental products | surface flux in kgC per m2 per month | 2015-01 to 2025-12 | 1 degree | monthly mean | Modelled flux inversion | usable | Copernicus licence | research only |
| ERA5era5:meteorology | Modelled environmental products | meteorology in K, m/s | 2024 to 2025 | 0.25 degree | hourly | Weather reanalysis | usable | Copernicus licence | cleared |
| NOAAnoaa:concentration | Atmospheric observations | concentration in ppm | 1969 to 2025 | station | event, daily, monthly | Measured signal | usable | CC0 1.0 | cleared |
| OCO-2oco2:column-xco2 | Atmospheric observations | column XCO2 in ppm | 2026-07-21 to 2026-07-28 | sounding, about 10 km swath | daily overpass | Satellite retrieval | usable | NASA open data | cleared |
An annual inventory is historical context, not a live measurement.
A measured status does not establish freshness. Check the published period and cadence.
A downloaded dataset is held and not yet usable, so no figure is taken from it. Only a usable or published dataset may enter a calculation.
- NESO the live signal
- Elexon the fuel mix
- DESNZ AR5 100-year, loaded into the registry
- EDGAR fossil and bio CO2, plus AR5 CO2e
- NAEI CO2 as carbon so 44/12 applies. The total layer already contains the point sources and the SNAP sector grids
- Climate TRACE asset-month CO2 export, served as an annual national series. The export is monthly and the last populated month is July 2026, so 2026 is not published as a complete year. It includes international aviation and shipping. About 89 per cent of its CO2 records are zero, so an average over the whole export is misleading
- PRTR facility air releases, downloaded and not yet parsed. The files carry several schema variants, and a pollutant code, a release medium and a reporting gap all have to survive the parse before any figure is served
- DESNZ local authority greenhouse gas inventory, downloaded but not yet served. It allocates national emissions to end users, so it is not a direct territorial emission at a coordinate
- CAMS an inversion, not a measurement; 132 monthly files merged into one span
- ERA5 reanalysis, does not resolve street wind
- NOAA a concentration, never an emission
- OCO-2 sparse over GB: 232 soundings across 8 daily files, merged into one span